Copper peptides can be sensitive to formulation conditions, and the copper that gives the molecule its activity can also participate in oxidative chemistry if a product is poorly formulated
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:1356113566 Tan CT, Chang HC, Zhou Q, Yu C, Fu NY, Sabapathy K, Yu VC (2021) Moap-1-mediated dissociation of p62/sqstm1 bodies releases keap1 and suppresses nrf2 signaling
Reactive astrocytes contribute to both protective and harmful effects
doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.14982 72 ChaJHYangWHXiaWWeiYChanLCLimSOet al
When there is sufficient reduced glutathione in the cells, they sacrifice themselves to free radicals to protect cellular mitochondria
In other cell types such as spermatogonial cells, GSH depletion may induce autophagy 22