ghk-cu copper coordination structure Molecular of the tripeptide GHK-Cu. In solution lysine Figure 1 from GHK –

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It was first isolated from human plasma in 1973 by Dr

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GHK-Cu is a small, naturally occurring copper peptide (a tripeptide, meaning three amino acids: glycine, histidine, lysine) bound to a single copper ion

How GHK-Cu Compares to Retinoids, Vitamin C, and Other Anti-Aging Ingredients The 1998 head-to-head trial by Abdulghani measured procollagen synthesis side by side, and the copper-binding peptide outperformed both vitamin C and tretinoin

It performs best as an adjunct, not a replacement