Recently, the newly developed drug tirzepatide, which targets both the GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors, was introduced to the market to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity in 2022 and 2023, respectively (Table 1)
administered with a volume of 5 l g 1 body weight in the indicated doses between 15:00 and 16:00
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Glucagon-like peptide-1 is a hormone released after you eat food
The medication's primary mechanisms of action include: Enhanced insulin secretion : Stimulates pancreatic beta cells to release insulin in response to elevated blood glucose Reduced glucagon release : Suppresses inappropriate glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells Delayed gastric emptying : Slows food transit from the stomach, promoting satiety (though this effect may diminish over time) Central appetite regulation : Acts on brain centers to reduce hunger and food intake Improved metabolic function : Weight loss from tirzepatide contributes to improved insulin sensitivity Regarding water retention specifically, fluid retention is not listed as a characteristic adverse effect of tirzepatide in FDA prescribing information or major clinical trials