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It is a primary effector molecule of cytotoxic T- and NK-cells [73, 74]
And the mucosa contains proteolytic enzymes that present a significant pseudo-first-pass effect for peptide drugs
The administration of System X c inhibitors can deplete intracellular cysteine, reduce GSH concentration, trigger OS, and increase cell sensitivity to ferroptosis ( Small molecule erastin can directly and selectively target and inhibit the System X c , and irreversibly bind to and inactivate XCT, leading to continuous disorder of cystine uptake, a decrease in cellular antioxidant capacity, and eventually ROS accumulation and ferroptosis (Sato et al., 2018
Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Regulation Early studies indicate that MOTS-c may play a role in improving insulin sensitivity and promoting balanced glucose metabolism , offering potential insight into mechanisms underlying metabolic health