As others have said, confounding remains the best medicine
Several small studies involving people with digital eye strain suggest that 612mg daily for about a month may improve focusing ability and reduce eye fatigue compared to placebo, though results vary across trials and endpoints.2 12 In the brain, preclinical studies show that astaxanthin can reduce oxidative stress in neurons and may help preserve mitochondrial function.27 A few human studies suggest possible cognitive benefits such as improved reaction time and memory scores but the sample sizes remain small, so researchers emphasize the need for larger, long-term trials before firm conclusions can be drawn.6 9 26 Cardiovascular and metabolic health Because oxidative stress and inflammation are key contributors to heart and metabolic diseases, researchers have explored whether astaxanthin can make a measurable difference
Acute and chronic improvement in postprandial glucose metabolism by a diet resembling the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern: Can SCFAs play a role
SIRT1 inhibitor (NAM) leads to a decrease in phosphorylation of AMPK in human hepatocytes, indicating that SIRT1 stimulates AMPK (Fig
Cancer Research , 66 (16), 80378041
For instance, in September 2019, Novo Nordisk (Denmark) launched RYBELSUS (semaglutide), the first oral GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), for the management of type 2 diabetes