[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] [61].Llewellyn-Smith IJ, Reimann F, Gribble FM, Trapp S
Prog Urol
Additional triggers for EDKA include pregnancy, pancreatitis, glycogen storage disorders, surgery, infection, cocaine toxicity, cirrhosis, and insulin pump use.[4][5] T1D bariatric surgery patients experience DKA in over 20% of postoperative cases and may be especially prone to EDKA.[6] The newer oral antidiabetic SGLT2 inhibitors, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, or ertugliflozin, can also directly result in EDKA.[2][3][7][8][9][10] EDKA may be more common in patients with diabetes on SGLT2 inhibitors with lower body mass index and decreased glycogen stores.[1] Episodes can be triggered by surgery infection, trauma, a major illness, reduced food intake, persistent vomiting, gastroparesis, dehydration, and reduced insulin dosage.[11] Epidemiology Approximately 2.6% to 3.2% of DKA admissions are euglycemic.[7][12] DKA-associated with SGLT2 inhibitors has rates ranging from 0.16 to 0.76 events per 1000 patient-years in patients with type 2 diabetes
Diabetes Care (2016) 39:5117
Is thyroid gland an organ at risk in breast cancer patients treated with locoregional radiotherapy
Additionally, VIP has immunomodulatory properties, influencing immune cell functions and inflammatory responses (Delgado et al., 2004)
