doi: 10.7759/cureus.45487 92 VergsBAboyansVAngoulvantDBoutouyriePCariouBHyafilFet al
Tirzepatide's Phase 3 trials began in 2019
It is known that the CV protection effect of GLP-1RAs have been proven through eight large-scale clinical studies, including Evaluation of LIXisenatide in Acute coronary syndrome (ELIXA) [66], LEADER [44], Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN)-6 [67], Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL) [68], Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes) [69], Researching Cardiovascular Events with a Weekly INcretin in Diabetes (REWIND) [70], Peptide Innovation for Early Diabetes Treatment (PIONEER) 6 [67,71], and AMPLITUDE-O [51]
Last reviewed: July 17, 2026 Last updated: July 17, 2026 Written by: Jay Hastings, CEO of PlexusDx Jay Hastings is the CEO of PlexusDx, a precision health company focused on genetic testing, blood biomarker insights, and personalized wellness recommendations
One conceived in the wake of recombinant DNA technology in the 70s, shaped by early anglerfish experiments in the 80s, and given further structure by elegant biochemical studies of GPCR signaling in the 90s
The 2.5 mg dosage is for treatment initiation and is not approved as a maintenance dosage
